Patch cable vs Ethernet cable: What the Differences Are & When to Use Each

Patch cables and Ethernet cables play crucial roles in network construction and daily operation and maintenance. Although both types of cables transmit network signals, they have fundamental differences and are used in distinct scenarios. Understanding the differences between patch cable vs Ethernet cable can help us manage network cabling more efficiently and accurately.

This Guide introduces Patch cables vs. Ethernet cables and explains when to use Each. Let us start!

What is an Ethernet cable?

Ethernet is the most commonly used LAN technology. It specifies communication protocols and standards, including the physical and data link layers. Ethernet cables support Ethernet technology.

People often think of Ethernet cables as twisted pairs of copper wires or network cables. Some blogs on our website also refer to Ethernet cables as network or copper cables.

What is a patch cable？

Patch cables are mainly used to connect two components in a network, such as a router to a computer, a computer to a wall outlet, and so on. Patch cables are primarily between 1 meter (3 feet) and 50 meters (164 feet) long and are short and flexible.

There are two patch cables: fiber patch cables and Ethernet patch cables. Ethernet patch cables are short Ethernet cables (short network cables), also known as network or copper patch cables. Fiber patch cables belong to the short-distance fiber cables.

Patch cables are typically short and have connectors on both ends, making them ideal for various networking needs. This design allows for frequent plugging and unplugging, temporary connections, and connecting devices that are close together. For instance, Ethernet patch cables feature standard RJ45 connectors at both ends, while fiber patch cables can have FC, SC, or other types of fiber connectors on either end.

Types of Patch Cables

Ethernet Patch Cable

Ethernet cables are usually referred to as Network Patch Cables. Different types of Ethernet cables, such as Cat5e, Cat6, Cat6a, Cat7, Cat8, etc., meet the corresponding transmission rate requirements. Various categories of network patch cables can support different bandwidths and transmission speeds.

Fiber Patch Cable

Single-mode fiber patch cable: There are two types: OS1 and OS2. According to the different connectors at both ends, single-mode fiber patch cables are divided into the SC interface, ST interface, LC interface, and FC interface.

Multimode fiber patch cable: A multimode fiber patch cable’s transmission distance is short, and attenuation makes it suitable for short-distance, high-speed transmission. A fiber core diameter of 62.5um is an OM1-type multimode patch cable, while a fiber core diameter of 50um has OM2, OM3, OM4, and OM5, four types of multimode patch cables.

Patch cable vs Ethernet cable: What are the differences?

1. Usage Scenarios

Ethernet cables are primarily used for structured cabling in large offices and commercial buildings, connecting desktop computers, office equipment, and more. They are also essential for connecting rows of servers in data centers. Additionally, long-distance Ethernet cables are necessary for linking office buildings to academic buildings on campus.

Patch cables are needed to commission, operate, and maintain server equipment in the server room. In offices, patch cables connect wall ports to desktop computers. Home smart TVs and game consoles are connected to the network via patch cables.

2. Transmission distance

The transmission distance of Ethernet patch cables (copper patch cables) is usually short, and even for fiber optic patch cables, their transmission distance is relatively limited in practical applications.

An Ethernet cable’s effective transmission distance is within 100 meters. Beyond this distance, the signal will be significantly attenuated beyond this distance, resulting in degradation of transmission quality. Repeaters and other equipment are necessary to extend the transmission distance.

3. Install and maintain

Patch cords have connectors at both ends, making them very easy to install. In-network cabling for line adjustment and replacement is also easy to organize and manage.

Ethernet cables may require specialized tools for installation. Due to their longer laying distance, they may not be easy to maintain and manage.

4. Flexibility

Patch cables are short, generally ranging from 0.5 meters to several meters. They are very flexible and suitable for short-distance connections between devices, such as temporary or quick connections between computers and switches, servers and storage devices, etc.

Ethernet cables lack flexibility compared to short patch cables.

When should you use them?

You can choose Ethernet cables for long-distance data transmission, such as those between campus office buildings. For short-distance transmission, you can choose patch cables, such as those connecting a desktop router to a PC.

Ethernet is the primary choice for high-speed network transmission. Because patch cables have more attenuation, the transmission distance will be slightly inferior.

You can choose a patch cable when you need a cable with connectors on both ends. Ethernet cables may not have connectors on both ends and must be terminated on the device.

FAQ

Q. Is it better to choose Cat5e or Cat6 cable for my new home network?

A. If it’s just for general Internet surfing, catching up on TV shows, or playing games, Cat5e is sufficient and cost-effective. If you have multiple smart devices at home and want to upgrade to an ultra-gigabit network in the future or if you need a high-speed NAS storage device, Cat6 is a more secure choice.

Q. Does it matter if the sheath of the Ethernet cable is damaged?

A. It has a big impact. The copper wire at the damaged location can quickly oxidize and corrode, resulting in increased resistance and severe signal attenuation. Suppose the damaged location comes into contact with metal objects or water. In that case, it may also trigger a short circuit, resulting in network interruption or even damage to the equipment, so repair or replace the cable as soon as possible when you find the broken skin.

Q. Can patch cables be used as Ethernet cables?

A. Yes, Ethernet patch cables are short-distance copper Ethernet cables. However, patch cables are best suited for smaller distances from routers to desktop computers.

Q. How do I judge the quality of the patch cables I buy?

A. 1. Look at the appearance: smooth skin without damage, clear marking, and uniform thickness of the wire body.

2. Touch the texture: soft and tough, pulling is not easy to deform.

3. Try the joints: insertion and extraction of smooth and non-stuck. The network patch cable connector metal contacts are bright without oxidation rust, and the fiber patch cable connector is without obvious dirt.

4. Performance measurement: The quality is probably over the top, with professional tools to measure the rate and ensure stable transmission.

Conclusion

Patch and Ethernet cables divide labor and work together to build a vast network world. The former’s flexible characteristics are suitable for handling short-distance temporary network equipment, while the latter can build a solid long-term network architecture.

Understand the characteristics of the two cablings according to the need to choose to protect the current network transmission smoothly and for future upgrades to leave a room.